What term describes a situation where a vehicle exceeds its rating?

The situation where a vehicle exceeds its rating is accurately described by the term that reflects an excess beyond a designated limit, which in this case aligns best with overcapacity. When a vehicle operates beyond its maximum capacity, it can lead to safety hazards and potential damage to the vehicle itself. Being overcapacity can compromise handling, braking, and overall structural integrity.

In contrast, weight limitation and weight restriction refer to predetermined limits typically set by regulations or guidelines, but do not specifically indicate the state of exceeding those limits. Disabling casualty generally pertains to an injury or situation where something becomes non-operational, which does not connect directly to the concept of exceeding a vehicle's rating. Hence, the most appropriate term for a situation where a vehicle exceeds its rating is indeed overcapacity.